When a vowel is followed by an r, it makes a special sound. These are called r-controlled vowels, or r-colored vowels. These phonemes are as follows:
• /ar/ sound as in car, guitar, Arthur
• /âr/ sound as in care, bear, mare, scare, aquarium
• /îr/ sound as in pier
• /ir/ sound as in turnip, spider, certificate, beaver
• /or/ sound as in manor, observatory, author, brought, orchard
• /er/ sound as in butter, cutter, mother
Usually, /ar/ always sounds like the "ar" in car, and /or/ always sounds like the "or" in for. The "ir," "er," and "ur," sound the same as in bird, her, fur. These all make a /ər/ sound called Schwa+r.
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